Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín
DOI: 10.22395/rium Approach and Scope Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín is a multidisciplinary publication in the field of engineering. The journal disseminates research results that contribute to regional and global development from an engineering perspective. The journal prioritizes the reception of products derived from research projects for their elaboration and adequate dissemination among academics, students, and other interested groups in society. At Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín, we are aware of the need for adequate circulation of scientific knowledge in our region and the need to provide elements for the analysis and solution of specific problems. However, we recognize the need for the widest possible circulation within academic communities. Therefore, starting in 2021, we strongly encourage authors to submit the final approved version of their articles in English for publication. Additionally, our journal maintains its tradition of open access circulation, without any charges for submission or publication. The journal guarantees the ethical treatment of contents and ensures that all procedures involving authors, referees, and editors comply with the COPE standards.
The total or partial reproduction of the contents of the journal for educational, research, or academic purposes is authorized as long as the source is cited. For reproduction for other purposes, express authorization from the Sello Editorial Universidad de Medellín is required.
Quality assessment in secondary studies: a case study
The need to investigate Software Engineering comes from its very conception, so various research methodologies are used, such as the Systematic Literature Review. An important part of the process of carrying out this type of study is the quality assessment of the primary studies that have been collected. The objective is to exemplify how the evaluation process is carried out, modified and adapted. The Systematic Literature Review entitled “Human Factors and their Impact on Technical Debt Management” is used as a case study. In conclusion, quality assessment is one of the most important tasks within the process of carrying out a review; it allows us to know if the studies collected on a specific area are of quality or not, and in turn to find the weak or opportunities areas of the studies based on the quality criteria to inform and help in the research area on where more attention should be paid when carrying out a primary study to improve the quality of the studies and the area in general; Finally, it allows determining a rating for each selected study and thus creating a distinction between them to prioritize the attention, reading and confidence of their findings to help in the synthesis of the literature review.
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
From IRAF to Python: new software architecture for echelle spectroscopy at Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira Observatory
With the evolution of technologies and the discontinuation of IRAF support for, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira Observatory (OAUTP) identified the need to migrate to a new tool that would not only replace Image Reduction and Analysis Facility (IRAF) but also significantly enhance the Echelle spectra reduction process. To address this need, we created and implemented a new software architecture in Python, utilizing Astropy and PyReduce libraries to improve the processing of Echelle spectra at the UTP Observatory. Our methodology was structured into five steps: (1) requirements analysis, (2) solution design, (3) software development, (4) quality testing, and (5) system deployment. We analyzed data from stars HD108, HD12560, and HD194649 using a ThAr lamp to detect and create 2D spectra. The findings indicate that the new architecture effectively identifies orders and generates 2D spectra, establishing a formal foundation for software development at the UTP Observatory. This represents a significant advancement in astronomical spectroscopy, offering an improved alternative for processing Echelle spectra in astronomical telescopes.
An evaluation of the benefits and difficulties of implementing ISO/IEC 29110 international software standard in academia and industry
Very Small Entities (VSEs) have a suitable place as the principal producers in a software product supply chain. This leads to a commitment to achieve high-quality software products. To help them, experts from various countries collaborated to develop the ISO/IEC 29110 series of standards and guides. However, it is necessary to adequately transfer this knowledge to them in this standard; in other words, building conditions that make it happen are required. This paper analyzes 23 benefits and difficulties of VSEs that improve their processes using a basic ISO/IEC 29110 standard profile as a reference.
Perceived usability of a serious game for the learning of histological images in medical students
This study explores the perceived usability of Histolok, a serious game developed to support the learning of histological images for medical students. Histolok combines playful elements and self-assessment to reinforce visual memory, which is essential for identifying tissues and organs. This tool enables students to practice and evaluate their knowledge through interactive exams, fostering competitive and motivating learning. By using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to evaluate a group of students, the perceived usability of the software as an educational tool was analyzed. The results indicated high acceptance of the software, highlighting its ease of use and its potential to enhance autonomous medical learning and knowledge retention.
A model for forming teams for the evaluation activity of the requirements phase, based on Belbin team roles: an exploratory study
This research examines the proposed model’s viability for forming software requirements validation teams, based on Belbin’s Role Theory. The study seeks to determine whether teams formed according to the model improve in evaluating requirement quality criteria compared to randomly formed teams. A factorial experimental design was carried out with two treatments: Constructed Teams (EC, for its acronym in Spanish) and Random Teams (EA, for its acronym in Spanish), evaluating metrics such as Comprehensibility, Unambiguity, Feasibility, Internal Consistency, and Verifiability. The descriptive analysis revealed that EC teams tend to have more consistent ratings on Comprehensibility and less variability on other criteria. In contrast, EA teams show a greater dispersion in their ratings, with higher averages on some criteria such as Consistency and Verifiability. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that, in general, there are no statistically significant differences between the two types of teams, suggesting that the proposed model does not have a consistent impact on the quality of the requirements evaluated. This study provides a basis for future research on the effectiveness of the model in varied contexts.
Animal and Plant-Based Magnetized Biochars in Lead-Contamined Soil Remediation: A Literature Review
This research was carried out to evaluate f. Animal and plant-based magnetized biochar efficiency in the remediation of soils contaminated with Pb. The PRISMA 2020 method was developed for the literature review, using scientific metasearch engines such as Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect; then, the Boolean formula was determined for analysis; Finally, relevant articles were synthesized. The results yielded 35 articles on biomass origin, biochar preparation, and obtained remediation efficiency. The result is the following: The most commonly used type of precursor material has been plant (90%); the most frequently used biochar production method was pyrolysis at 500C° (35%) and the FeCl3 (18%) was the magnetizing agent; the maximum lead removal efficiency was 99.50% using an oriental banana as a precursor material in 120 days, in addition to a FeCl3 magnetizing agent with a 99.50% removal percentage; Finally, a general result obtained was that the remediation efficiency will depend on two important factors: the magnetizing agent and precursor material porosity.
Hybrid project management model for industrial SMES in Bogotá and Sabana Centro
Globally, companies have had to adapt to market changes, especially in a post-pandemic context. In addition, in the last decade, there has been a significant increase in multivariate technique use in various fields of scientific research. In Colombia, where small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental to the productive apparatus due to their contribution to the productive fabric, this research proposes a project management model for industrial SMEs in Bogota and Sabana Centro so that they can adjust to a post-pandemic reality. This model aims to provide a tool that allows these organizations to overcome unfavorable market scenarios. The study focused on industrial SMEs located in Bogota and Sabana Centro. Sixty-eight companies were selected by stratified random sampling with proportional allocation, to which a questionnaire composed of 19 estimation questions was applied. Subsequently, the study analyzed distinctive project management characteristics in these companies and developed a model using principal component analysis. This model is composed of 6 main factors and 24 components that contribute to strengthening organizations’ strategic projection.
Project management, management methodologies, SMEs, Bogotá, Sabana Centro, Hybrid Model.
Development of a technological platform for data analysis and customer profile according to consumption patterns
The article describes the creation of a web sales platform with the implementation of data analysis and visualization tools, and the use of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot. The aim was to provide a practical solution that would improve customer service and promote business efficiency through informed decision-making at ABBIS SAS. The applied methodology followed a structured approach based on the MVC (Model-View-Controller) model and the ETL (Extraction, Transformation, Load) process. The project was divided into several stages: project structuring, website migration, chatbot development, and integration of data analytics tools. Using the SCRUM methodology, partial deliveries of the final product were achieved, allowing for continuous adjustments and improvements based on customer needs. The platform enabled cost reduction, faster response times to customer needs, and the fostering of more productive businesses, which, in turn, will strengthen ABBIS’s competitiveness in the market. Finally, the results of this applied research exercise will serve as a reference for other companies to develop their own technological platforms for data analysis and customer profiling, aligned with consumption patterns. This approach will contribute to the growth and continued success of companies in an increasingly data-oriented environment with changing consumer needs.
New methodological approaches for the treatment of imprecise data: integration of fuzzy logic and R-Shiny
This study proposes a methodology based on fuzzy logic for the analysis of biotechnological data with uncertainty, applied to the characterization and classification of filamentous fungi strains. The methodology aims to optimize the representation of variability in experimental data and enable better interpretation compared to traditional statistical approaches. A case study is presented focusing on the mycelial growth of different fungal strains, considering parameters such as expansion rate, structural density, and morphometric dimensions. Fisher’s optimal partition was used to model this information, defining classification ranges and subsequently estimating the fuzzy sets. Once the fuzzy variables were established, the data were transformed into fuzzy numbers and represented in contingency tables for structured analysis. To assess the relationship between the strains and their growth categories, Fisher’s exact test was employed, allowing the determination of statistical significance of the associations among the fuzzy variables obtained. This strategy improves the characterization of mycelial growth by capturing gradual transitions and reducing information loss associated with rigid segmentation. As an innovative contribution, an R-Shiny web application was developed to facilitate interactive data analysis without requiring advanced programming skills. The results show that fuzzy modeling enhances the interpretation and classification of fungal strains and provides a replicable methodological framework in biotechnology and other fields with data uncertainty.
Semi-automated Systematic Review: Main applications and trends of foundation models
This systematic review examines current research topics and applications of foundation models and their relevance to various academic disciplines. To manage and organize a systematic review, we used tools like CADIMA, and for the meta-analysis of selected studies, we relied on the Bibliometrix library in R. Our initial search, following PRISMA methodology, identified 1,161 relevant manuscripts. After carefully analyzing themes and narrowing down our focus, we selected 9 studies that stood out for their relevance to recent applications and developments. This finding points to a strong global interest in this field, with a clear emphasis on applications that benefit people directly. The word cloud shows “Human” as the most prominent term, which tells us that researchers and developers are increasingly focused on using this technology to improve human experiences and address real-world needs. Medical research, in particular, stands out as a rapidly evolving area where this technology is making strides. This suggests exciting potential for healthcare advancements, ranging from personalized treatments to more accurate diagnostics, with an ultimate goal of enhancing patient care and well-being. Overall, these results suggest that the field is shifting toward creating meaningful, practical solutions that can make a difference in people’s lives.
Digital transformation as the basis of strategic SME positioning in Mexico: a literature review
Digital Transformation is essential for SMEs in Mexico. It affects business models, value propositions, and supply chains. More than technology, it implies a change in business mentality and is a need and challenge prevailing in various sectors. The objective of this research is to explain how digital transformation and maturity impact the strategic positioning of SMEs in Mexico. Topics such as process digitization, digital capabilities, and the current situation of SMEs in Mexico in these fields are also explored. A literature review was carried out to analyze various documents, focusing on the presence of keywords of the descriptors: Industry 4.0 and SMEs, process digitalization, digital transformation, digital maturity, digital transformation phases, digital capabilities, technological markers, and virtualization. Among the most significant results we have, is that process digitalization is crucial in Industry 4.0, but companies face challenges adopting them because of technological maturity. Using digital technologies, digital transformation optimizes communication, collaboration, and decision-making in organizations. Digital capabilities, encompassing skills and processes, enable an entity to add value to its strategy through efficient digital tool use. Digital maturity becomes crucial for the effective implementation of digital technologies and the improvement of strategic positioning. In this context, progress in process digitization, the strengthening of digital maturity, and the development of digital capabilities are imperative for SMEs in Mexico. This process has a direct impact on productivity, efficiency, and strategic positioning, and these aspects are increasingly determined by the digital age. The possibility of future studies that evaluate maturity and specific digital capabilities is suggested, to promote technological development in the small and medium-sized enterprise sector.
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
PRÁCTICAS DE ACCESIBILIDAD EN EL DESARROLLO DE SOFTWARE: MAPEO SISTEMÁTICO DE LA LITERATURA
Incorporating accessibility in software development brings significant benefits such as the inclusion of people with disabilities. Recognizing the diversity of users with different requirements and needs within software development facilitates its use by the greatest number of users regardless of their individual conditions. The objective of this research is to obtain a knowledge base to identify those practices for which there is evidence of their use in the development of accessible software. A Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) focused on identifying practices that incorporate accessibility activities in the software life cycle was conducted, resulting in 29 studies that met the selection criteria. The results show that the phase with more evidence of incorporation of accessibility activities in software development is the testing phase, when testers are used to verify accessibility within web pages, followed by the construction phase, when methodologies that include accessibility within the software development process are used; in the design phase it is common to incorporate artifacts that guide the development of accessible software and, finally, in the requirements phase it is common to use the requirements description to obtain and document accessibility requirements.
Desarrollo de Software; Ciclo de Vida del Software; Ingeniería de Software; Software Accesible; Accesibilidad; Discapacidad; Técnicas; Procesos; Lineamientos; Mapeo Sistemático;
RECONOCIMIENTO DE TÉCNICAS OFENSIVAS EN ARTES MARCIALES: UN MAPEO SISTEMÁTICO
Motivation: The precise identification of punches and kicks in martial arts sporting competitions is a critical issue, often complex, and at times subject to controversies due to the subjective judgment of referees. Problem: The subjectivity in assessing punches and kicks during martial arts sporting competitions poses a significant challenge regarding impartiality and accuracy in refereeing. Solution Approach: This study analyzes the most recent contributions to punch and kick recognition in martial arts competitions. It reviews classification techniques, commonly used sensors, and the performance achieved in identifying these movements. Results: The analysis provides a general overview of implemented punch and kick classification techniques. This contributes to understanding recent advancements in this field and how they can enhance objectivity and precision in refereeing martial arts competitions. Conclusions: This study underscores the growing interest in machine learning techniques for classifying punches and kicks in martial arts, encompassing a wide range of classifiers, from traditional methods to deep learning models. The combination of inertial sensors and depth cameras emerges as a promising avenue. Future research is expected to thoroughly compare and characterize these approaches, paving the way for implementing artificial intelligence systems in martial arts competitions and potentially revolutionizing the objectivity in assessing movements in this sport.
Industrial engineering and related fields in the xxi century: applied case for students ACOFI - Antioquia Node
The Network of Industrial Engineering and Related Fields (REDIN)- Antioquia Node consolidates an Industrial Engineering and related fields academic community in Colombia as a working group. One of these strategies is a REDIN - Antioquia Node Student Assembly that is held once a year. This paper aims to present analyses of competencies, graduate profiles, relevance, and trends in Industrial Engineering and related fields as a contribution to building a country in this discipline as a result of this assembly. This study presents a conceptual framework and the details to develop the assembly. It is centered on five stations of focused questions. Then, results, discussion, and conclusions are made evident. The assembly highlighted differences and similarities between differentiating factors, fields of action, performance sectors, technology trends, capabilities, skills, and a vision of the program in two working groups. Group 1 is made up of 1st to 5th-semester students, and Group 2 is made up of 6th to 10th-semester students of Industrial Engineering and related fields. These types of scenarios represent opportunities for various fields of engineering, which, in context with the actors involved in curricular improvement processes, allow researchers to evidence and document research that serves as a reference to strengthen future professionals’ relevance.
Evaluation and grading: do teaching engineers know the difference?
Being a teaching engineer implies many challenges, and one of them involves understanding clearly the difference between grading and evaluating, for they are the end of a learning process used to validate, verify, and give feedback. One may think that grading and evaluation are two ways to see what students have learned. This article presents the results of research conducted with teaching engineers to study their idea of grading vs evaluating and verify how they specifically see the difference. The methodology of the study was to interview a sample of teaching engineers from universities in a specific geographical area. The study worked a qualitative approach although quantifications were used to facilitate analyses. The technique implemented was a structured interview with quantifiable open questions. The results indicate that teaching engineers have some ideas regarding this matter, yet they do not coincide with the theoretical aspects of teaching. Finally, it is fundamental to strengthen engineering teaching for teaching engineers.
RUTTING IN ASPHALT MIXTURES – A REVIEW
Vehicles that pass over a pavement structure induce load and unload cycles that generate recoverable (resilient) and permanent (plastic) deformations within layers. Pavement has been developing studies since the decade of the 60's with the purpose of attempting to understand the visco-elasto-plastic behavior of asphalt mixtures. This has the purpose of evaluating and understanding how the main damage mechanisms that are sought to be controlled in flexible pavement design methods are generated. One of the main damage mechanisms for these types of pavements is rutting. Based on the reviewed literature in relation to the phenomenon of rutting in asphalt mixtures, this article depicts and describes in summary, the main variables that influence the generation of said phenomenon in pavement. The end of the article presents the evolution of equations developed through theoretical and experimental studies in order to attempt to predict the phenomenon of rutting.
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín
DEPLOYMENT MODEL FOR SOFTWARE PROCESSES IN COLLABORATIVE AND DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENTS TYPICAL OF FREE AND OPEN-SOURCE FLOSS COMMUNITIES
This article presents the development of a model for deploying software processes within the context of free and open-source software FLOSS communities, characterized by the voluntary participation of people geographically distributed in different places and with diverse profiles and interests in a software development project. The Delphi method validated the model, in which 15 people interested in FLOSS communities participated. It was found that the model promotes communication and motivation of the participants in more than 80% and favors the participation of new community members, according to the answers given by the participants. The communication and motivation skills of the members of a FLOSS community are fundamental for the proper development of free software construction projects.
SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO FLORICULTURE IN THE HYDRANGEA SECTOR THROUGH A LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPROACH
In La Paz Province (Eastern Antioquia, Colombia), hydrangea floriculture has emerged as a significant driver of economic and social development following the post-conflict situation, offering high value-added contributions to the territory. The objective was to identify both the social and environmental aspects of hydrangea cultivation by small and medium-sized growers, assessing the environmental impacts and externalities across the crop’s life cycle. This initiative aimed to foster sustainable growth in floriculture production under eco-friendly conditions, safeguarding human health, and benefiting local stakeholders. To establish a methodological framework, the study adhered to the requirements and guidelines outlined in ISO 14040 and 14044 standards for environmental life cycle assessment, in addition to utilizing the UNEP Methodological Guide. The research revealed significant findings, highlighting the key environmental impacts affecting hydrangea production throughout its life cycle. These impacts primarily stem from the excessive use of agrochemicals, which pose risks to human health and ecosystems due to alterations in soil properties. Moreover, the reliance on fossil resources (such as plastics and fuels) at various stages of the cultivation process contributes to these impacts. From a social perspective, the study identified stakeholders and critical aspects requiring improvement, including integration, safety, occupational health, proper agrochemical handling, regulatory compliance, and system replacement issues. These challenges underscore the complexity of achieving sustainability, emphasizing the need for specialized technical support and new knowledge for growers. Implementing cost-effective technologies is crucial to mitigate environmental impacts, along with fostering associativity models among hydrangea crop producers, which significantly contribute to enhancing growing conditions.
SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON THE DYNAMICS OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF PASTO, COLOMBIAA
The impact of climate change in intermediate cities is a topic of growing interest on Latin America. This study analyzed the influence of climate in the city of Pasto, Colombia. Based on several land use planning methodologies, we defined the main urban elements that affect the city’s territorial dynamics. Subsequently, we employed a structural analysis to identify the main relationships among the urban elements. Using direct and indirect classification based on the method of cross-impact matrices applied multiplication for a classification (MICMAC) and the Delphi method, we determined the dependencies and influences of the urban elements integrated in a systemic model of 12 positive and 8 negative loops that relate climate, energy, and culture as power elements over the city’s economy, health, education, environment, functionality, demography, and security, all of which are articulated by governance as the key element, with results applicable to other cities in the region.
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín
USING A LOGIT MODEL TO PREDICT PLURALITY OF BIDDERS IN PUBLIC TENDERS
State contracting is a relevant issue for society’s participants, because through this mechanism State resources are invested, seeking the fulfillment of development plan objectives, which in turn are synonymous with collective progress. Thus, a brief theoretical explanation is given of the enabling requirements of financial capacity that are demanded in the specifications, with the aim of having clarity of the expected behavior in the proposed statistical model. Subsequently, the description of the methodology used in the research and the theoretical approach that supports the development of the proposed regression models are presented, the validation tests carried out are presented, and the model with which the probability of a plurality of suppliers is predicted according to the enabling requirements of financial capacity is presented.
INTERPRETATIVE STRUCTURAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF KEY FACTORS FOR IMPLEMENTING LEAN HEALTHCARE
The Lean philosophy has demonstrated benefits in organizations of different business sectors through the elimination of waste and the generation of value; research conducted in this field has sought to identify the critical success factors for its implementation. The objective of thisstudy is to understand the relationships between the factors of Health Care Providing Institutions in Colombia, through surveys with experts, and then classify them according to their power of influence and dependence using the Interpretative Structural Modelling- ISM methodology. The results of this research contribute to identifying the key factors for the implementation of Lean Healthcare in the Colombian context: Management commitment, management understanding, and employee training, and finally recommendations and future research work are presented.
interpretative structural model- ISM. MIC MAC
Evaluation of The Performance of Soil/Construction Waste Mixtures as an Alternative for The Improvement of Low Traffic Volume Road Subgrades
Although they are of great economic importance for the communities, rural roads can generally be considered low traffic volume (LTV) roads, which makes their paving difficult to make financially feasible. As a result, most of these roads are unpaved, causing traffic difficulties, particularly during the rainy season. On the other hand, construction and demolition waste ( ) is an environmental problem in cities; its use in road construction has been identified as an alternative for its final disposal. The purpose of this research was to evaluate an alternative for use in low traffic volume roads as a material for the improvement of pavement subgrades. Specifically, the use of waste from brick masonry construction (WBMC) or demolition was evaluated. A technical and economic evaluation was carried out, for which pavement designs were made by adding between 10 and 40 % of WBMCL and residual soil in determined proportions and compared with conventional pavement designs using granular materials from quarry exploitation. The same traffic conditions, subgrade soils and design methodologies were used for all designs. The results obtained show that the use of WBMC mixed with soil as a subgrade improvement results in reductions in pavement granular layer thicknesses that can make it possible to dispense with the granular subbase layer with the respective economic and environmental benefits.
River Velocity through LSPTV Technique using UAVs
This paper presented the analysis of the difference between two techniques for the measurement of the velocity of water flows using the non-intrusive large-scale particle tracking velocimetry technique (LS PTV) and various intrusive techniques like digital water velocity meters. This research analyzes the difference between two techniques for measuring the velocity of water flows, using the non-intrusive large-scale particle tracking velocimetry technique (LSPTV), and intrusive techniques such as electromagnetic windlass and propeller windlass. A fluvial characterization of the river is conducted to classify it in relation to various fluvial parameters. The technique is applied in the stretch of the river, using two types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): DJI Inspire II and DJI Spark, using two types of tracers, to obtain velocity fields in the study section. Comparing the two techniques it is evident that the tracers that best adapted to the model are the orange peel with the Spark drone with a reliability of 91 %, compared to the tracers of plastic covers with the same vehicle with a reliability of 81 %. The LSPTV technique has higher reliability compared to conventional methods, even more when depth corrections are made; therefore, it would reduce the risks for operators and/or damage to equipment that needs to be introduced to the fluid.
Properties of Composite Materials Reinforced with Guadua Fibers: a Comparative Study
A numerical model for predicting the effect of the modification of a fiber's surface on the mechanical properties of biocomposite panels made with bamboo fibers and vegetable resin was elaborated. For the study, the three surface treatments methods were mercerization, plasma, and ozone treatment. To analyze the influence of each treatment on the surface of the fibers, a study of their morphology, chemical composition, and crystallinity was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. A characterization of the physical properties of the fibers was carried out by determining the density and the absorption capacity. The influence of the treatment on the mechanical properties of the fibers was analyzed by determining their tensile strength. These results were used to determine the elastic properties of the plies that make up the biocomposite, applying the modified mixing rule for anisotropic materials. The numerical models were elaborated using a commercial finite element program, considering a linear analysis. The composite was conceived as a laminate made up of layers of fibers oriented in different directions. To validate the numerical results, panels were made using fibers treated according to established treatment methods and a vegetable resin. For the construction of the panels, a compression system at standard room temperature was used. The fibers were placed in six 1.13 mm-thick layers, reproducing the conditions established in the numerical model. The determination of the physical properties of the composite was based on the determination of the density, the absorption capacity, and the percentage of swelling. The determination of the mechanical properties focused on obtaining the maximum strength for tensile, compression, and static bending. The results show that it is possible to improve the mechanical performance of the composite when the surface of the fibers that act as reinforcement is modified. According to the results, panels made with fibers treated with plasma and with ozone exhibited better mechanical performance, showing a good correlation between the results of the numerical models and the values obtained experimentally.
Evaluation of the Effect of the Loss of Adhesion of The Geosynthetic Interface-Asphaltic Mixture in the Performance of a Flexible Pavement Using the Technique of Numerical Modeling
Different numerical simulations were carried out based on finite elements, where the response of six different pavement structures subjected to the effects of the load of an equivalent axis is analyzed, where a geogrid was placed in the asphalt layer as reinforcement. For the reinforcement geogrid, there are different adherence characteristics between the geosynthetic and the asphalt mixtures, in such a way that the performance of the systems was evaluated when absolute roughness is present at the interface, and roughness coefficients of 0.9, 0.7 and 0.5. The results obtained were compared with the responses of the structures without reinforcement, in this way the performance that was presented was studied to determine how critical the progressive loss of adherence is when implementing the geogrid as reinforcement in the wearing course. As a conclusion, it is found that the loss of adherence geogrid-asphalt layer produces a fundamental loss of structural response capacity, with a performance even worse than the case without any reinforcement.
Knowledge Transfer in Software Development Teams: a Gamification Strategy to Encourage Collaboration
Software development projects are knowledge-intensive because they involve rigorous management processes that must articulate with good knowledge and management practices. This integration is closely related to knowledge transfer, which is necessary for these projects. However, lack of collaboration, poor communication, lack of motivation to share knowledge, and the inability to make it available are some of the difficulties of knowledge management in software development projects. On the other hand, gamification influences people’s behavior, promoting motivation, commitment, and collaboration in work teams. In this sense, gamification can be a potential strategy to transform these difficulties. It is adopted in this research in the design of GamifiK, an approach to encourage knowledge transfer in software development teams by promoting collaboration. GamifiK integrates good knowledge management practices, gamification elements, and collaboration as a soft skill for knowledge creation and transfer. A pilot study was conducted in an academic context to evaluate the preliminary performance of the strategy and its possibility of being validated and implemented in a software industry context. The results show that GamifiK can share knowledge and contribute to knowledge transfer in development teams and can be feasibility implemented in a real context.
Innovation in Water Distribution and Recirculation Systems in a Sustainable Social Housing Model
Currently, there is a high systematic inequality regarding access to water, both between and within countries. In some, there is a wasteful picture and others show high water stress. This research developed an innovative response with the design of water supply, distribution, and recirculation systems (WSDR) in a sustainable social housing model (SSH) proposed by the researchers, based on a technological assessment which considers principles of spatial, environmental and economic efficiency in aqueduct cost and public service production for builders, user comfort, resource use optimization and its supply sources. In order to achieve this, the water resource of Bogota was diagnosed and technological options for saving water in new residential buildings were proposed; their viability was evaluated and their dimensions were estimated. Among the results, it was possible to project the saving of 110.03L/day or 40 % consumption of each residential unit (UH) proposed in the SSH model and 522,200L/ month in the tasks of washing and irrigation of common areas; This would result in water savings of 2,210,000 m3 /month in the urban expansion area of Bogota, equivalent to 1,361.54 Ha.
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
PROPOSAL OF A TIME SERIES-BASED MODEL FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION AND PREDICTION OF DROPOUT RATES AT THE NATIONAL OPEN AND DISTANCE UNIVERSITY
Dropout rates are a key indicator of educational quality, making it imperative for educational institutions to design strategies to reduce them, thereby contributing to improved student retention and the achievement of academic objectives. While dropout research has primarily focused on machine learning methods applied to in-person education datasets, this article introduces a novel approach based on time series models for dro pout rates analysis at the National Open and Distance University (UNAD). Methodologically, an adaptation of the CRISP-DM methodology was undertaken in four phases, namely: F1. Business and data understanding, F2. Data preparation, F3. Model building and evaluation, and F4. Model deployment. In terms of results, an open dataset on UNAD dropout, ob tained from the SPADIES system between 1999 and 2021, was employed. Using Python libraries statsmodels and pandas, an ARIMA model was implemented, displaying optimal error metrics. This ARIMA model was utilized to forecast future dropout rates at UNAD, projecting a future dropout rate fluctuating around 23%. In conclusion, the ARIMA model developed for UNAD stands as an innovative and essential tool in the educational realm, capable of accurately anticipating dropout rates for upcoming semesters. This provides UNAD with a unique advantage in strategic decision-making.
TOOL FOR ESTIMATING USER STORIES ASSOCIATED WITH NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
One of the initial steps in developing any software product is defining its functional and non-functional requirements, the latter also known as quality requirements. Several stakeholders are involved in this process. However, estimating the effort needed to implement these requi rements, particularly the quality ones, is a complex task. To overcome this challenge, we present Story Points Predictor (SPP), a tool for predicting the effort required to implement quality requirements using artificial intelligence techniques. Based on historical data, SPP estimates the size of the requirements and classifies them into three groups: small, medium, and large. Development teams can use SPP to complement their effort estimation process for requirements. Experimental results show that SPP has a 72% accuracy.
IDENTIFICATION OF A UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY ON FACEBOOK FOR THE DISSEMINATION OF SCIENCE AND CULTURE
Social network analysis is a method that allows the identification and exa mination of structures of various types of data, objects, or user groups, as well as the interactions created by a community and the relationships that exist between them. To characterize the virtual community of a higher education institution, the Fruchterman-Reingold, Yifan Hu, and Noverlap algorithms were applied using the Gephi tool for the analysis and modeling of 30 Facebook fan pages dedicated to the promotion of culture and the dissemination of science. The results show a relationship with the direction and number of edges for each of the 30 nodes for each algorithm applied. The focus of the analysis provided information about the dynamics of the virtual university community, allowing a visual understanding of how members connect and communicate within the Facebook social network.