The objective of this study is to calculate the capacity of CO2 capture from the forest relict of the University of uindio “Jardín Botánico Cedro Rosado” through the use of techniques that integrate in situ measurements with remote sensing. In the first phase, multispectral images, Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI), Improved Vegetation Index (EVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and object-based classification will be obtained. In the second phase, tree variables will be measured, and Leaf Area Index (LAI) and the Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (Fapar) biophysical variables will be estimated with the Tracing Radiation and Architecture of Canopies (TRAC) optical instrument, in order to correlate them with the vegetation indexes. This will define the constants of the exponential regression model defining the local allometric equation, which will interpolate the biomass in the entire image.
Testbed for Sub-Nyquist Wideband Spectrum Monitoring
Juan Felipe Medina Lee, Alexander López-Parrado, Alexander Vera Tasamá, Duvier de Jesús Bohórquez...
Radioelectric spectrum management is a concern for today’s world, mainly due to the misuse that has been given to this resource through the years, especially on the UHF band. To address this problem, a testbed for sub-Nyquist Wideband Spectrum Monitoring was built, that includes a web interface to remotely measure occupancy of the UHF band.
To achieve the above, an RF interface that allows tuning UHF frequencies with an instantaneous bandwidth of 95 MHz was built. Afterwards, a Random Demodulator was connected, and then an embedded system performed sub--Nyquist sampling and spectrum recovery. The embedded system connected to an information system that serves a web page, through which remote users can perform UHF band monitoring.
Experimental results showed that spectrum sensing can be achieved by using different algorithms on certain sparse spectra. In addition, the aforementioned web interface allowed simultaneous user connections, in order to perform independent measurements by sharing a hardware subsystem.
A Curriculum Design Approach by the Means of a General Morphological Analysis
Alexander Vera Tasama, Jorge Iván Marín Hurtado, Jaiber Evelio Cardona Aristizábal, Francisco...
The context of conceiving, designing, implementing, and operating real-world systems and products, namely the CDIO initiative, is a framework for engineering education. It considers 12 standards, which are the reference for curriculum design and assessment. A good implementation of the CDIO standards can be considered as a multi-dimensional complex problem. In order to propose strategies for implementing the CDIO initiative in the Electronic Engineering curriculum at Universidad del Quindío, the General Morphological Analysis (GMA) was used. Some relevant dimensions of the curriculum and their values were contrasted in a cross-consistency assessment (CCA), where 8 dimensions were established, and a total of 34,560 combinations were obtained in the problem space. Through the CCA, the number of coherent combinations was significantly reduced. Finally, these combinations were analyzed to propose the corresponding strategies that are the input for the implementation of the CDIO curriculum in the Electronic Engineering program.
Evaluation of Clusters based on Systems on a Chip for High-Performance Computing: A Review
Melissa Johanna Aldana, Jaime Alberto Buitrago, Julián Esteban Gutiérrez
High-performance computing systems are the maximum expression in the field of processing for large amounts of data. However, their energy consumption is an aspect of great importance, which was not considered decades ago. Hence, software developers and hardware providers are obligated to approach new challenges to address energy consumption, and costs. Constructing a computational cluster with a large amount of systems on a chip can result in a powerful, ecologic platform, with the capacity to offer sufficient performance for different applications, as long as low costs and minimum energy consumption can be maintained. As a result, energy efficient hardware has an opportunity to impact upon the area of high-performance computing. This article presents a systematic review of the evaluations conducted on clusters of ystems on a Chip for High-Performance computing in the research setting.
Monitoring Value Indicators by Applying Data Mining, Business Process Management, and Continuous Improvement with Risk Management
Darío Enrique Soto Durán, Juan Camilo Giraldo Mejía, Fabio Alberto Vargas Agudelo, Jovani Jiménez...
Recognizing the behavior of processes through risk management and the assessment of value indicators (KPI), which stands for ‘Key Performance Indicators’, is something of paramount importance for institutions. One of the purposes of the continuous PDCA improvement cycle (Plan - Do - Check - Act) is to determine the state of the indicators and carry out processes reengineering to achieve the ideal goal. Risk management comes from the deviation of the indicators with respect to the proposed goals. In order to determine the relevant variables of a process, monitoring and control mechanisms must be set as an efficient way to obtain the knowledge based on the use of data mining techniques (MD). These concepts articulate in a model that was developed to achieve the ideal condition of the KPIs within an institution, and it is evidenced through a case study applied to a missional process in an institution of higher education. The establishment of data mining, business process management (BPM), PDCA continuous improvement cycle (Plan - Do - Check - Act), and risk management characteristics was used to define the components of the model. The aforementioned allowed to create an effective model, capable of meeting the needs of this research in particular, and able to be used as a model for future research. The proposed model was applied to a specific case, which allowed to describe the success of the theory, as well as the analysis stated.
Requirements Engineering is considered the most important phase of the life cycle of software products because it specifies the needs of the customers, and it is also the basis for the execution of the other phases of software engineering. The models currently used to perform the requirements elicitation have been proposed and widely documented, but they are focused only on the techniques to collect information, disregarding the activity of properly documenting this information. Moreover, to structure the requirements specification, natural language continues to be used as a means of communication and understanding with the customer. Due to the ambiguities caused by this language, its interpretation becomes difficult, and this leads to reprocesses in the later stages of the software life cycle. According to the above, it is necessary for software development organizations to consider formalizing the process of requirements elicitation if they wish to make their development process more efficient. A literature review is carried out in this paper to determine the process and evolution of the formal methods from the requirements engineering perspective.
Defining a Software Process Model for Modding Practice
Andrés Felipe Ceballos, Wilson Libardo Pantoja Yépez, Julio Ariel Hurtado
Modding is a software practice, mainly spread in the videogame community, in which interdisciplinary groups of modders are involved with the aim of creating, improving and distributing extensions, called mods, for previously released software. This is done with the purpose of extending the characteristics of base products; thus, bringing new applications, compatibility, and extensibility, among other improvements. However, various problems, similar to those present in the software development process, have been involved in this practice: Communication barriers, lack of planning, unexpected results, and work repetition, among others. Thus, seeking to integrate aspects of process engineering to support these groups and reduce the problems present in this type of project, the software process “Kross Modding Process” is proposed, which provides guidance to modders through information collected in previous studies on this area.
Carlos Fernando Aguilar, Andrés Felipe Ojeda, Carol Julieth Aguilar Paz, Maria Isabel Vidal Caicedo, Marta Cecilia Camacho Ojeda, Gabriel Elías Chanchí
Construction of a Serious Game as Support for the Learning of Kinematics
Carlos Fernando Aguilar, Andrés Felipe Ojeda, Carol Julieth Aguilar Paz, Maria Isabel Vidal...
The experience obtained in the construction of a serious game prototype is presented in this paper, aimed at supporting the development of physics courses in secondary education, and including game-oriented processes in the learning process. Similarly, the proposed serious game is intended to serve as a reference for the construction of serious games in different application contexts. This development is mainly driven by the difficulties evidenced in high school students regarding appropriation of knowledge of kinematics. The proposed serious game was built based on a model in which pedagogical and playful aspects of this type of interactive tools are considered, among which the definition of learning objectives, the design of the playful component of the game, and interface design are taken into account. A usability inspection was carried out for evaluation purposes, based on the ten Nielsen heuristic principles of usability, which yielded various recommendations: it would be necessary to improve a future version of the game in some aspects related to the principles of consistency and standards, help and documentation, and visibility of the system.
Influence of the Printing position and the Infill Density on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed ABS Specimens
Manuel José Carvajal Loaiza, Pablo Gónzalez Diaz, Carlos Alberto Mejía Blandón, Liliana Marcejal...
In this paper, the influence of the printing position and the infill density on the elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, and toughness are researched in specimens built by fused deposition modeling (FDM). ABS specimens were built in two positions, XY and XZ, in which the angle raster was -45°/45° and 0°/90°, respectively. These specimens were tested to find its mechanical properties, and the studied parameters’ influence was demonstrated. The discoveries allowed to identify that the mechanical properties of the final product differ from the ones in the base material (filament). In conclusion, to make parts by FDM, it is important to establish the mechanical properties of the final product, because these can differ substantially from the filament properties. Therefore, depending on the final application of the part, it will be necessary to established fabrication criteria that allow to build parts with more lifespan for a given load.
Development of an Application for the Prediction of Kitchen Ingredients and Recipes through TensorFlow and Support-Vector Machines
Yeny Yohana Muñoz Castaño, Luis Fernando Castillo Ossa, Omar Danilo Castrillon Gomez, Felipe...
This article is derived from a research project in which an application for the prediction of ingredients and recipes by TensorFlow and support- vector machines was developed. A scheme with general architecture was developed, then a neural network was implemented, and then, the support-vector machine was run. After that, they were integrated via an application that allows the user to select ingredients’ images for their prediction and the prediction of kitchens recipe in a didactic manner. It was concluded that the system has an average precision value of 75.8% and 71% for 17 ingredients categories and recipes classifier. In addition, sensitivity testing was performed on the application resulting on statistically equivalent results.
Current-Voltage Characteristics of a Self-Assembled DNA
Carlos Jose Paez Gonzalez, Jorge Hernan Quintero Orozco, Andrés Camilo García Castro
In this work, we numerically investigate the transport properties of two-dimensional square lattice patterns built from a telomeric DNA sequence, using an effective tight-binding model for the electronic structure, while the current is obtained within a Green’s function framework. We show that the self-assembled DNA structures based on telomeric DNA strands have current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, which make the system eligible for nanoelectronic applications.This paper shows a research on the transport properties of two-dimensional square lattice patterns built from a telomeric DNA sequence. A tight-binding model, and the recursive Green’s function method were used. It is showed that the self-assembled DNA structures based on telomeric DNA strands have current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, with robust plateau structures that favor the scrutiny of DNA-lead, as well as interference effects. An increase of the current, dependent on the distance between the crosses in the self-assembled square lattice structures, is observed, which makes the system eligible for nanoelectronic applications.
Corrosion State in Metal Pipes and Fittings Exposed to Air Based on Fuzzy Sets
César Augusto García-Ubaque, Milton Mena Serna, Fernando Gutiérrez Fique
Metallic materials used in drinking water distribution systems show corrosion damage, which makes it necessary to develop simple and accessible methods that allow preventive and / or corrective measures to be carried out quickly. The work that is described in this paper intended to build a fuzzy logic model based on data obtained from visual inspections of the cladding, and the visible deterioration appearances degree (aging) of the elements. The methodological design used was quantitative research, also known as a mathematical approach, distinguished by the interpretation of data, statistics, numbers, and tables, among others. The data and records of various pressure reducing stations (ERPs) in zones 1 and 4 of aqueduct and sewer in Bogotá were analyzed. Fuzzy Logic ToolboxTM MATLAB software complementing was used, based on the selection of two parameters (protection, and coating and aging). Each one was assigned quality conditions that operated as the program input data. By applying the model, a three-dimensional surface was obtained with the values of the corrosion states, according to the quality of the coating and the aging dimension. Four zones were identified, which represent the corrosion states of the evaluated elements: optimal, imperceptible, light, and severe, with no transition interval. The results show that this methodology provides a reliable evaluation of the state of corrosion of the evaluated metal structures. It is concluded that the implementation of the fuzzy inference system provides a simple application tool, which can be adjusted with information collected in routine preventive or corrective maintenance work, and in activities that relate other variables to corrosion.
Web Service Adaptation for the Customization of Early Alerts in Agriculture
Oscar Ricardo Valencia Aguilar, Emmanuel Gerardo Lasso Sambony, Juan Carlos Corrales Muñoz
Early warning systems are designed to inform the largest number of users, such as a country or a region, about a risky situation. However, in specific domains such as agriculture, it is commonly required for these alerts to be more specific according to the crops location and their properties. Consequently, the web services of these systems must be adapted. On the other hand, the enterprise services bus, with its mediation capabilities (such as message transformation and routing), and complex event processing with their monitoring characteristics, can be integrated to meet the adaptation requirements of web services at runtime. This paper presents an improvement for an early warning system for coffee production that, according to the area in which a crop is located and its phenology, manages the adaptation of alerts for coffee rust, based on the integration of an enterprise services bus and a complex events processing.
Prototype and Method for Crops Analysis in the Visible and Infrared Spectrum from a Multirotor Air Vehicle
Julian Andres Bolaños, Liseth Viviana Campo Arcos, Juan Carlos Corrales Muñoz
Plant health has a direct impact on the quality and quantity of agricultural products. Due to this fact, farmers must monitor crop conditions frequently. However, the current tools for achieving this are complex and inaccessible. Therefore, this article proposes a method for the characterization of crops that allows to monitor the plants using photographs in the visible and infrared spectrum acquired from a multi-rotor air vehicle, using low-cost cameras and free use tools for designing a prototype of processing information. The characterization is performed by identifying the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the photographic mosaics of the crops. This index provides information about plant health: Consequently, it is calculated and represented on a NDVI map, where the status of a crop is analyzed. The highest values of NDVI represent healthy plants, and the lowest do so for plants with problems, water, or others. The proposed ethod allows the monitoring of crops in a temporary and spatial form, letting a producer to adopt measures that help the optimization of resources.