El rol del eWOM en la comunicación de RSC en redes sociales
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Las empresas tratan de innovar en sus estrategias de comunicación para ofrecer información tanto sobre sus bienes y servicios, como información corporativa relacionada con las actividades de RSC que la empresa lleva a cabo. En la actualidad, la comunicación sobre RSC es muy importante y poco se sabe acerca de la mejor forma de hacerlo. En este sentido, las redes sociales se han convertido en un importante canal de comunicación entre empresas y consumidores. A través de las redes sociales, los individuos comparten contenido con otros usuarios, pero también pueden apoyar a la empresa con la difusión de la información relativa a sus actividades. Esta difusión de información en entornos electrónicos se conoce como eWOM.
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rol del eWOM en la difusión de la información de RSC de la empresa. Para ello, se realiza un estudio basado en la metodología del análisis de contenido que contrasta si aquellas publicaciones de la empresa en la red social Facebook con contenido de RSC generan más interacciones de os consumidores que las publicaciones con información de tipo comercial. Los resultados obtenidos corroboran que la empresa conseguirá que se difunda más su información en términos de eWOM cuando sus publicaciones contienen información de RSC, puesto que dichas publicaciones logran un mayor número de me gustas y comentarios, a la vez que son compartidas en una mayor medida.
Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
Referencias
Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas, AECA (2004). Marco conceptual de la responsabilidad social corporativa. Serie Responsabilidad Social Corporativa, Documento, (1).
Alhidari, A., Iyer, P. y Paswan, A. (2015). Personal level antecedents of eWOM and purchase intention, on social networking sites. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 14(2), 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1362/147539215X14373846805707
Appelman, A. y Sundar, S. S. (2016). Measuring message credibility: Construction and validation of an exclusive scale. Spaniy, 93(1), 59-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606057
Comisión Europea (2011). A renewed EU strategy 2011-2014 for Corporate Social Responsibility. Brussels.
Berger, J. (2014). Word of mouth and interpersonal communication: A review and directions for future research. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 24(4), 586-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2014.05.002
Berger, J., y Heath, C. (2007). Where Consumers Diverge from Others: Identity Signaling and Product Domains. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(2),121-134.
Bhandari, M. y Rodgers, S. (2018). What does the brand say? Effects of brand feedback to negativeeWOM on brand trust and purchase intentions. International Journal of Advertising, 37(1), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1349030
Bigné, E. y Royo-Vela, M. (2013). Metodología del análisis de contenido. En F. J. Sarabia (ed.), Métodos de investigación social y de empresa (pp. 503-521). Ediciones Pirámide.
Cantallops, A. S. y Salvi, F. (2014). New consumer behavior: A review of research on eWOM and hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.08.007
Cha, M. K., Yi, Y. y Bagozzi, R. P. (2016). Effects of customer participation in corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs on the CSR-brand fit and brand loyalty. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 57(3), 235-249. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288683286
Chatterjee, P. (2001). Online reviews: do consumers use them? Advances in Consumer Research, 28, 129-133. http://acrwebsite.org/volumes/8455/volumes/v28/NA-28
Chu, S. C., Lien, C. H. y Cao, Y. (2018). Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) on WeChat: examining the influence of sense of belonging, need for self-enhancement, and consumer engagement on Chinese travellers’ eWOM. International Journal of Advertising, 1-24.
Chung, C. y Darke, P. (2006). The consumer as advocate: Self-relevance, culture, and word of- mouth. Marketing Letters, 17(4), 269-279. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11002-006-8426-7
Duan, W., Gu, B. y Whinston, A. B. (2008). Do online reviews matter? An empirical investigation of panel data. Decision support systems, 45(4), 1007-1016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2008.04.001
Dufner, M., Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C. y Denissen, J. J. (2018). Self-enhancement and psychological adjustment: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318756467
Elving, W. J., Golob, U., Podnar, K., Ellerup-Nielsen, A. y Thomson, C. (2015). The bad, the ugly and the good: new challenges for CSR communication. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 20(2), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-02-2015-0006
Erkan, I. y Evans, C. (2016). The influence of eWOM in social media on consumers’ purchase intentions: An extended approach to information adoption. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 47-55. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297729360
Grewal, L., Stephen, A. T. y Coleman, N. V. (2018). When Posting About Products on Social Media Backfires: The Negative Effects of Consumer Identity Signaling on Product Interest. Journal of Marketing Research, 56(2), 197-210. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022243718821960
Gvili, Y. y Levy, S. (2016). Antecedents of attitudes toward eWOM communication: differences across channels. Internet Research, 26(5), 1030-1051. 10.1108/intr-08-2014-0201
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K., Walsh, G. y Gremler, D. (2004). Electronic word of mouth via consumer opinion platforms: What motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the Internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.10073
Ho, J. Y. y Dempsey, M. (2010). Viral marketing: Motivations to forward online content. Journal of Business research, 63(9-10), 1000-1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.08.010
Hollebeek, L. D., Glynn, M. S., y Brodie, R. J. (2014). Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development and validation. Journal of interactive marketing, 28(2), 149-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2013.12.002
Joa, C. Y., Kim, K. y Ha, L. (2018). What Makes People Watch Online In-Stream Video Advertisements? Journal of Interactive Advertising, 18(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1437853
Kam, L., Robledo-Dioses, K. y Atarama-Rojas, T. (2019). Fashion Films as a Particular Content of Fashion Marketing: An Analysis of its Nature in the Context of Hybrid Messages. Anagramas. Rumbos y sentidos de la comunicación, 17(34), 203-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.22395/angr.v17n34a10
Kim, S. (2019). The process model of corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication: CSR communication and its relationship with consumers’ CSR knowledge, trust, and corporate reputation perception. Journal of Business Ethics, 154(4), 1143-1159. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-017-3433-6
King, R., Racherla, P., y Bush, V. (2014). What We Know and Don’t Know About Online Word-of- Mouth: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature. Journal of interactive marketing, 28(3), 167-183.
Krippendorff, K. (1990). Metodología de análisis de contenido: Teoría y práctica. Paidós Comunicación.
Kwon, S., Ha, S. y Kowal, C. (2017). How online self-customization creates identification: Antecedents and consequences of consumer-customized product identification and the role of product involvement. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.051
Lim, M. (2020). The negative impact of market-discrimination CSR: How do consumers respond to perceived company greed? Journal of General Management, 45(2), 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306307019875896
López, A. M., y López, M. (2019). Estudio omnicanal de las empresas minoristas del sector cosmético en España. Redmarka. Revista de Marketing Aplicado, 23(2), 19-41. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338212376
López, L. M. (2018). Variables de la actividad de una marca en Twitter que influyen en el comportamiento de difusión de contenido de marca en su audiencia. Esic market, (161), 455- 499. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329337887
López, M. ySicilia, M. (2013). Boca a boca tradicional vs. electrónico. La participación como factor explicativo de la influencia del boca a boca electrónico. Revista Española de Investigación en Marketing ESIC, 17(1), 7-38. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257138737
Marin, L. y Ruiz de Maya, S. (2013). The role of affiliation, attractiveness and personal connection in consumer-company identification. European Journal of Marketing, 47(3/4), 655-673. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263146908
Matus, P. (2018). Seeking stakeholders: responsibility and effectiveness as values in letters from CEOS in the CSR reports in Chile. Anagramas-Rumbos y sentidos de la comunicación, 17(33), 29-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22395/angr.v17n33a2
Moon, S. J., Costello, J. P. y Koo, D. M. (2017). The impact of consumer confusion from eco-labels on negative WOM, distrust, and dissatisfaction. International Journal of Advertising, 36(2), 246-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2016.1158223
Nielsen. (2015). Global trust in advertising: Winning strategies for an evolving media landscape. https://www.nielsen.com/ssa/en/insights/report/2015/global-trust-in-advertising-2015/
Oeldorf-Hirsch, A. y Sundar, S. S. (2015). Posting, commenting, and tagging: Effects of sharing news stories on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 44, 240-249. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269728086_Posting_commenting_and_tagging_Effects_of_sharing_news_stories_on_Facebook
Pittman, M. y Reich, B. (2016). Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 155-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.084
Podium (2017). Annual Report: State of Online Reviews. Recuperado de https://go.podium.com/podium-state-of-online-reviews/
Schutz, W. (1966). Firo: A three dimensional theory of interpersonal behavior. Consulting Psychologist Press, Inc.
Sen, S. y Lerman, D. (2007). Why are you telling me this? An examination into negative consumer reviews on the web. Journal of interactive marketing, 21(4), 76-94. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20090
Song, B. y Wen, J. (2019). Online corporate social responsibility communication strategies and stakeholder engagements: A comparison of controversial versus noncontroversial industries. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1852
Stryja, C. y Satzger, G. (2018). Try Before You Buy: How to Design Information Systems to Enhance Consumer Willingness to Test Sustainable Innovations. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 13(1), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000100019
Suárez-Perales, I., Rivera-Torres, P. y Garces-Ayerbe, C. (2018). Consequences of innovative proactivity in environmental management 1. Universia Business Review, (57), 56-91. https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/70714?ln=es
Sundaram, D. S., Mitra, K. y Webster, C. (1998). Word-of-Mouth Communication: A Motivational Analysis. In J. W. Alba & J. W. Hutchinson (eds.), Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 25. (pp.527-531). Association for Consumer Research.
Trusov, M., Bucklin, R. E. y Pauwels, K. (2009). Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site. Journal of marketing, 73(5), 90- 102. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.73.5.90
Veloutsou, C., Dessart , L., y Morgan, A. (2015). Consumer engagement in online brand communities: a social media perspective. Journal of product & Brand Management, 21(1), 28-42.
Zhu, X., Kim, Y. y Park, H. (2020). Do messages spread widely also diffuse fast? Examining the effects of message characteristics on information diffusion. Computers in Human Behavior, 103, 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.09.006