Employment generation in 16 societies during post-conflict: implications for public policy
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Published: July 8, 2019
Abstract
This document discusses employment generation with public policies as an instrument for reintegration of victim population during the post-conflict. It seeks to validate the hypothesis according to which two stages may be identified: institutional strengthening and subsequent economic adjustments. It is based on a conceptual model proposed by the World Bank for implementing sustainable peace alternatives and case studies in which the importance of factors that contribute to productive inclusion of victim population is highlighted, such as: institutional strengthening, security, social and infrastructure investment, individual and social capacity generation, and educational system’s improvement to create long-term impacts in the labor market.
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Laplante, Lisa (2007). Después de la verdad: demandas para reparaciones en el Perú, Postcomisión de la verdad y la reconciliación. En: Antípoda, No. 4, p. 119-145.
López Montaño, Cecilia y García Durán, Arturo (2000). The Hidden Costs of Peace in Colombia. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 3. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 78-158.
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Ohanyan, Anna (2003). Post Conflict Global Governance: The Case of Microfinance Enterprise Networks in Bosnia and Herzegovina. En: International Studies Perspectives, Vol. 3, No. 4,p. 396-416. doi: 10.1111/1528-3577.t01-1-00106.
Richani, Nazih (2010). State Capacity in Post Conflict Settings: Explaining Criminal Violence in El Salvador and Guatemala. En: Civil Wars, Vol. 12, No. 4, p. 431-455. doi:
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Sambanis, Nicholas y Schulhofer-Wohl, Jonah (2006). Evaluating Multilateral Interventions in Civil Wars: A Comparison of UN and Non-UN Peace Operations. En: Dimitris Bourantonis,
Kostas Ifantis y Panayotis (eds.), Multilateralism and Security Institutions in the Era of Globalization. New York: Routledge, Cap. 11, 36 p.
Sen, Amartya (1999). Desarrollo y Libertad. México: Editorial Planeta S.A. Shemyakina, Olga (2011). The Effect of Armed Conflict on Accumulation of Schooling: Results
from Tajikistan. En: Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 95, No. 2, p. 186-200. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.05.002
Solimano, Andrés (2000). Introduction and synthesis. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 1. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 1-8.
Stanley, William (1996). The protection racket state: Elite politics, military extortion, and civil war in El Salvador. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Tarway-Twalla, Alfred K. (2011). The contribution of grassroots business to postconflict development in Liberia. En: Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 58-67. doi: 10.1108/17506201111119608
USAID -United States Agency for International Development - (2001). Style Guide: Guidelines for Project Managers, Authors, and Editors. USAID’s Center for Development Information
and Evaluation Publications.
Akresh, Richard y Walque, Damien (2008). Armed Conflict and Schooling: Evidence from the 1994 Rwandan Genocide. En: Policy Research Working Paper, World Bank, Vol. 4606, 38p.
Alderman, Harold; Hoddinott, John y Kinsey, Bill (2006). Long term consequences of early childhood malnutrition. En: Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 58, No. 3, p. 450-474. doi: 10.1093/
oep/gpl008
Amman, John y O´Donell, James (2011). The Sierra Leona teachers union: labor in a post conflict society. En Working USA: The Journal of Labor and Society, Vol. 14, mayo, p. 57-71. doi:10.1111/j.1743-4580.2011.00320.x
Banco Mundial (2007a). Afganistán: Apoyo para la construcción del Estado y el desarrollo. Washington, D.C., febrero, 12p.
Banco Mundial (2007b). Sierra Leona: Recuperación tras años de conflicto. Washington, D.C., febrero, 9 p.
Banco Mundial (2011). Conflicto, Seguridad y Desarrollo. En: Informe sobre Desarrollo Mundial. Washington, D.C.: Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción y Fomento/Banco Mundial, 72p.
Boussauw, Kobe (2012). Challenges, threats and opportunities in post-conflict urban developmentin Kosovo. En: Habitat International, Vol. 36, No. 1, p. 143-151. doi: 10.1016/j. habitatint.2011.06.011
Bundervoet, Tom; Verwimp, Philip y Akresh, Richard (2009). Health and Civil War in Rural Burundi. En: Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 44, No. 2, p. 536-563.
Caple, Erica James (2010). Ruptures, Rights, and Repair: The political economy of trauma in Haiti. En: Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 70, p. 106-113. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.040.
Colleta, Nat; Kostner, Markus; Cleves, Patricia y Mendelson, Johanna (2000). Toward an arquitecture for sustanaible peace and development: lessons from the World Bank´s Experience. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 3. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 179-223.
Collier, Paul; Elliott, Lani; Hegre, Håvard; Hoeffler, Anke; Reynal-Querol, Marta y Sambanis, Nicholas (2003). Breaking the Conflict Trap: Civil War and Development Policy. Reporte
Policy Research. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. 15p.
Collier, Paul y Hoeffler, Anke (2002). On the Incidence of Civil War in Africa. En: Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 46, No. 1, p. 13-28. doi: 10.1177/0022002702046001002
Collier, Paul y Hoeffler, Anke (2004). Greed and grievance in civil war. En: Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 56, p. 563-595. doi: 10.1093/oep/gpf064.
Collier, Paul y Sambanis, Nicholas (2005a). Understanding Civil War: Evidence and Analysis. Vol. 1. África. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Collier, Paul y Sambanis, Nicholas (2005b). Understanding Civil War: Evidence and Analysis. Vol. 2. Europe, Central Asia and Other Regions. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Dicklitch, Susan y Malik, Aditi (2010). Justice, human rights and reconciliation in post conflict Cambodia. En: Human Rights Review, Vol. 11, No. 4, p. 515-530. doi: 10.1007/s12142-009-0153-z.
Dursun-Ozkanca, Oya (2009). Rebuilding Kosovo: Cooperation or Competition between the EU and NATO?. En: 2009 EUSA Eleventh Biennial International Conference, Marriott Marina Del Rey, Los Ángeles, CA, April p. 23-25, 2009, 40p.
Filipov, Filip (2006). Postconflict peacebuilding: Strategies and Lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina, El Salvador, and Sierra Leone, Some Thoughts from the rights to education and
health. Serie No. 123. Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas, 60p.
Finnoff, Kade (2012). Intimate partner violence, female employment, and male backlash in Rwanda. En: The Economics of Peace and Security Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2, p. 14-24. doi:
10.15355/epsj.7.2.14
Fred-Mensah, Ben (2004). Social Capital Building as Capacity for Post Conflict Development: The UNDP in Mozambique and Rwanda. En: Global Governance, Vol. 10, No. 4 octubrediciembre, p. 437-457.
Gadir, Ali Abdel (2009). A Policy Framework for Transiting from postconflict recovery to sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. En: Journal of African Economies, Vol. 18, No. 1, p. 12-52. doi: 10.1093/jae/ejp007
Grant, Thomas D. (2017). Frozen Conflicts and International Law. En: Cornell International Law Journal, Vol. 50, p. 361-413. doi: 10.31228/osf.io/8jucd.
Ibáñez, Ana María y Moya, Andrés (2010). Vulnerability of Victims of Civil Conflicts: Empirical Evidence for the Displaced Population in Colombia. En: World Development, Elsevier, Vol.
38, No. 4, abril, p. 647-663. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.015.
Justino, Patricia (2009). Poverty and Violent Conflict: A Micro-Level Perspective on the Causes and Duration of Warfare. IDS Working Paper. Vol. 2011, No. 385. London: Institute of Development Studies., 25 p.
Justino, Patricia; Leone, Marinella y Salardi, Paola (2011). Education and Conflict recovery, The Case of Timor Leste. Research Working Paper 55. Brighton: MICROCON, 71 p.
Laplante, Lisa (2007). Después de la verdad: demandas para reparaciones en el Perú, Postcomisión de la verdad y la reconciliación. En: Antípoda, No. 4, p. 119-145.
López Montaño, Cecilia y García Durán, Arturo (2000). The Hidden Costs of Peace in Colombia. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 3. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 78-158.
Moser, Caroline (2000). Violence in Colombia: Building Sustainable Peace and Social Capital. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 2. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 9-77.
Ohanyan, Anna (2003). Post Conflict Global Governance: The Case of Microfinance Enterprise Networks in Bosnia and Herzegovina. En: International Studies Perspectives, Vol. 3, No. 4,p. 396-416. doi: 10.1111/1528-3577.t01-1-00106.
Richani, Nazih (2010). State Capacity in Post Conflict Settings: Explaining Criminal Violence in El Salvador and Guatemala. En: Civil Wars, Vol. 12, No. 4, p. 431-455. doi:
10.1080/13698249.2010.534630.
Sambanis, Nicholas y Schulhofer-Wohl, Jonah (2006). Evaluating Multilateral Interventions in Civil Wars: A Comparison of UN and Non-UN Peace Operations. En: Dimitris Bourantonis,
Kostas Ifantis y Panayotis (eds.), Multilateralism and Security Institutions in the Era of Globalization. New York: Routledge, Cap. 11, 36 p.
Sen, Amartya (1999). Desarrollo y Libertad. México: Editorial Planeta S.A. Shemyakina, Olga (2011). The Effect of Armed Conflict on Accumulation of Schooling: Results
from Tajikistan. En: Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 95, No. 2, p. 186-200. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2010.05.002
Solimano, Andrés (2000). Introduction and synthesis. En: Andrés Solimano; Felipe Sáez; Caroline Moser y Cecilia López (Eds.), Colombia: Essays on Conflict, Peace, and Development. Cap. 1. Washington, D.C.: Banco Mundial. p. 1-8.
Stanley, William (1996). The protection racket state: Elite politics, military extortion, and civil war in El Salvador. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Tarway-Twalla, Alfred K. (2011). The contribution of grassroots business to postconflict development in Liberia. En: Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 58-67. doi: 10.1108/17506201111119608
USAID -United States Agency for International Development - (2001). Style Guide: Guidelines for Project Managers, Authors, and Editors. USAID’s Center for Development Information
and Evaluation Publications.
