Influence of individual socio-demographic characteristics in business creation in Perú
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Copyright (c) 2018 Semestre Económico
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Published: December 18, 2015
Abstract
This article evaluates if socio-demographic characteristics have an influence in business creation or entrepreneurship in Peru. Using the information of the National Household Life Conditions and Poverty, carried out by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, econometric models are estimated in order to establish the probability of an individual creating a business according to their socio-demographic characteristics and the Peruvian region they belong to. Results show that the probability of creating a new business can be positively or negatively affected due to social and demography particularities of the individual. Between the factors that can increase the probability of being and entrepreneur, the following stand out: being employed (33.8%) and being head of household (21.4%); while having higher education (–11.0%) and being a man (–3.2%) reduce this possibility.
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Ritsila, Jari y Tervo, Hannu (2002). Effects of unemployment on new firm formation: micro-level panel data evidence from Finland. En: Small Business Economics, Vol. 19, No. 1, febrero, p. 31-40.
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Alderete, María (2012). El impacto de las TIC en la actividad emprendedora a nivel de países. Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Buenos Aires, Argentina, 25p.
Aldrich, Howard y Cliff, Jennifer (2003). The pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship: toward a family embeddedness perspective. En: Journal of Business Venturing, No. 18, p. 573-596.
Álvarez, Agustín y Valencia, Pilar (2008). Un análisis de los factores sociodemográficos determinantes en la creación de empresas en el marco de la interculturalidad. En: Revista de Economía Mundial, No.18, p. 341-353.
Amit, Raphael; Muller, Eitan y Cockburn, Iain (1995). Opportunity costs and entrepreneurial activity. En: Journal of Business Venturing, Vol.10, No. 2, p. 95-106.
Arab, Elías y Díaz, Alejandra (2015). Impacto de las redes sociales e internet en la adolescencia: aspectos positivos y negativos. En: Revista Médica de la Clínica Condes, Vol. 26, No. 1, p. 07-13.
Audretsch, David; Carree, Martín y Thurik, Roy (2002). Does entrepreneurship reduce unemployment? Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper TI 2001-074/3, 13p.
Blanchflower, David; Oswald, Andrew y Stutzer, Alois (2001). Latent entrepreneurship across nations. En: European Economic Review, Vol. 45, No. 4 - 6, may, p. 680-691.
Burt, Ronald (2000). The network structure of social capital. En: Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 22, p. 345-423.
Capelleras, Joan; Cotín, Ignacio; Martín, Víctor y Larraza, Martín (2013). The influence of individual perceptions and the urban/rural environment on nascent entrepreneurship. En: Investigaciones Regionales, No. 26, p. 97-113.
Corradin, Stefano y Popov, Alexander (2013). House prices, home equity and entrepreneurships. Working Paper Series, No. 1544, 42p.
Davidsson, Peter y Honig, Benson (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. En: Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 18, No. 3, may, p. 301-331.
De Soto, Hernando (2000). El misterio del capital: por qué el capitalismo triunfa en Occidente y fracasa en el resto del mundo. El Comercio: Lima, Perú, 287p.
Díaz, Francisco y González, José (2005). Comportamiento emprendedor e inmigración. En: Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Vol. 15, No. 2, julio-diciembre, p. 85-101.
Doh, Soogwan y Zolnik, Edmund (2011). Social capital and entrepreneurship: An exploratory analysis. En: Journal of Business Management, Vol. 5, No. 12, june, p. 4961-4975.
Dunn, Thomas y Holtz - Eakin, Douglas (2000). Financial Capital, Human Capital, and the Transition to Self-Employment: evidence from intergenerational links. En: Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 18, No. 2, april, p. 282-305.
Estrin, Saul; Mickiewicz, Tomasz y Stephan, Ute (2016). Human capital in social and commercial entrepreneurship. En: Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 31, No. 4, july, p. 449 - 467.
Evans, David y Jovanovic, Boyan (1989). An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints. En: Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 97, No. 4, august, p. 808-827.
Figueiredo, Vanessa y Oliveira, Ana (2015). Assessing the main determinants of entrepreneurship in Portugal. En: Tourism & Management Studies, Vol. 11, No. 1, p. 182-190.
García, Pedro y Valencia, Miller del Pilar (2009). Factores de éxito del proceso de puesta en marcha de la empresa: valores culturales, redes sociales y ayudas públicas. En: Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, Vol. 15, No. 3, p. 101-117.
Giannetti, Mariassunta y Simonov, Andrei (2004). On the determinants of entrepreneurial activity: Social norm, economic environment and individual characteristics. En: Swedish Economic Policy Review, No. 11, p. 269-313.
Gluzmann, Pablo; Jaume, David y Gasparini, Leonardo (2012). Decisiones laborales en América Latina: el caso de los emprendedores. Corporación Andina de Fomento: Caracas, Venezuela, 102p.
INEI-Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (2015). Nota de Prensa, No. 30, marzo. Lima, Perú, 2p.
INEI-Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (2016). Encuesta Nacional de Programas Estratégicos 2011 - 2015. Lima, Perú, 188p.
Johansson, Edvard (2000). Self-employment and the predicted earnings differential - evidence from Finland. En: Finnish Economic Papers, Vol. 13, No. 1, spring, p. 45-55.
Kelley, Donna; Singer, Slavica y Herrington, Mike (2016). 2015/2016 Global Report-GEM Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Babson College, 152p.
León, Juan y Huari, David (2010). Determinantes del proceso de emprendimiento empresarial femenino en el Perú. En: Revista Pensamiento Crítico, No. 13, p. 57-70.
Minniti, María y Bygrave, William (2001). A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning. En: Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 23, No. 4, p. 41-52.
Morales-Gualdrón, Silvia y Roig, Salvador (2006). La decisión de crear una empresa: Un análisis a partir de la base de datos del proyecto GEM. En: Entrepreneurship: conceptos, teoría y perspectiva. Cuervo, Álvaro; Ribeiro, Domingo y Roig, Salvador (Coordinadores). Fundación Bancaja: Valencia, España, 316p.
Neira, Isabel; Portela, Marta; Cancelo, Maite y Calvo, Nuria (2013). Social and human capital as determining factors of entrepreneurshi in the Spanish Regions. En: Investigaciones Regionales, No. 26, p. 115-139.
Oelckers, Felipe (2015). Emprendimiento en la tercera edad: Una revisión de la situación actual. En: Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, Vol. 10, No. 3, p. 143-153.
OIT-Organización Internacional del Trabajo (2014). Perfil del emprendedor informal limeño. Oficina de la OIT para los Países Andinos. Lima, Perú, 24p.
Oliver, Whitney y Marshall, María (2006). What do we really know about entrepreneurs? An analysis of nascent entrepreneurs in Indiana. Working Paper No. 06-14, 20p.
Pekkala, Sari; Kerr, William y Nanda, Ramana (2015). House money and entrepreneurship. Working paper No. 15 - 069, 50p.
Poschke, Markus (2013). Who becomes an entrepreneur? Labor market prospects and occupational choice. En: Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control, Vol. 37, No. 3, noviembre, p. 693-710.
Ramsey, Frank (1928). A mathematical theory of saving. En: Economic Journal, Vol. 38, No. 152, diciembre, p. 543-559.
Renzulli, Linda; Aldrich, Howard y Moody, James (2000). Family matters: gender, networks, and entrepreneurial outcomes. En: Social Forces, Vol. 79, No. 2, diciembre, p. 523-546.
Reyes, Celia; Tullao, Tereso; Rivera, John; Mandap, Anne; Asirot-Quilitis, Jasminda; Bancolita, Joel; Baris, Marsmath; Sioson, Erica; Leyso, Novee y Calubayan, Steffie (2013). Remittances, entrepreneurship and local development in the Philippines: A tale of two communities. DLSU Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies: Manila, Philippines, 130p.
Reynolds, Paul (2005). Understanding business creation: Serendipity and scope in two decades of business creation studies. En: Small Business Economics, Vol. 24, No. 4, may, p. 359-364.
Ritsila, Jari y Tervo, Hannu (2002). Effects of unemployment on new firm formation: micro-level panel data evidence from Finland. En: Small Business Economics, Vol. 19, No. 1, febrero, p. 31-40.
Shane, Scott y Cable, Daniel (2002). Network ties, reputation, and the financing of new ventures. En: Management Science, Vol. 48, No. 3, marzo, p. 364 - 381. Shane, Scott y Venkataraman, Sankaran (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. En: The Academy of Managment Review, Vol. 25, No. 1, enero, p. 217 - 226.
Singh, Gangaram y De - Noble, Alex (2003). Early retirees as the next generation of entrepreneurs. En: Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 23, No. 3, spring, p. 207-226. Universidad ESAN (2015). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Perú 2013. ESAN: Lima, Perú, 80p.
Van der Zwan, Peter; Verheul, Ingrid y Thurik, Roy (2012). The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development. En: Small Business Economics, Vol. 39, No. 3, october, p. 627 - 643.
Vinogradov, Evgueni y Gabelko, María (2010). Entrepreneurship amon Russian inmigrants in Norway and their stay at home peers. En: Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Vol. 15, No. 4, november, p. 461 - 479.
Wagner, Joachim (2004). Nascent Entrepreneurs. Discussion Paper No. 1293, 33p.
