Neoliberalism and Public Health Crisis: Privatization, Inequality, and a Quest for Efficiency
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Abstract
This article examines neoliberalism’s impact on global healthcare governance, highlighting how privatization, fragmentation, and deregulation of services contributed to the weakening of public systems and the worsening of access inequalities, especially during pandemics. The central objective is to analyze health care systems, identifying their weaknesses and potential. The analysis includes the systems in Brazil (SUS) and the United Kingdom (NHS), whose characteristics are contrasted with the model South Korea adopted. The article applies a deductive method and a scientific research methodology based on a specialized bibliographic review—including books, journals, reports, and academic articles—that allows for a critical analysis of the impact of neoliberalism and the search for alternatives that reposition the State as a protagonist in guaranteeing the right to healthcare. This article demonstrates the influence of neoliberalism on the healthcare systems in Brazil and the United Kingdom, as well as the new model South Korea adopted. Finally, it is concluded that, considering healthcare as a universal right and a fundamental public asset, it is essential to reevaluate care models, prioritizing universality, equity, and the capacity to respond to healthcare crises, to the detriment of a market-centered logic.
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